Mansour Ghafourifard ^1,2 , Mostafa Ghasempour ^1,2* , Majid Purabdollah ³ , Laura A. Killam <sup>4,5

1</sup> Medical Education Research Center, Health Management and Safety Promotion Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
² Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
³ Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Khoy University of Medical Sciences, Khoy, Iran
⁴ School of Nursing, Cambrian College, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
⁵ School of Nursing, Faculty of Education and Professional Studies, Nipissing University, North Bay, Ontario, Canada

*Corresponding Author: Mostafa Ghasempour, Email: ghasempourm@tbzmed.ac.ir